從蹄鐵灣（Horseshoe Bend）到「淚水小徑」(Trail of Tears)
From Horseshoe Bend to the Trail of Tears

在1813年8月30日，克裡克族印地安人在阿拉巴馬州Tensaw湖岸的閔士堡（Fort Mims）、殺害了數百位往西部的拓荒者，想要奪回他們被白人佔領的土地，傑克森立即在僅有田納西與肯塔基民兵的不族條件下，開始對抗克裡克族。

在1814年3月27日，傑克森和旗下民兵打敗克裡克族人，在Tohopeka之役（亦即蹄鐵灣 - Horseshoe Bend - 之役）中，800名北克裡克紅棍印地安人於戰爭中陣亡、還抓走了五百名婦人和小孩。這場決定性的勝利讓傑克森更廣受歡迎，克裡克人自此未曾再度襲擊邊境地區。在1814年8月9日，簽訂了傑克森堡條約(Treaty of Fort Jackson)，結束這場與克裡克人的戰爭、要求克裡克人讓出兩千三百萬英畝的土地。傑克森和美洲印地安人之間還有哪些爭奪土地之戰？

On August 30, 1813, Creek Indians had killed hundreds of frontier settlers at Fort Mims on the shore of Lake Tensaw, Alabama (then Mississippi Territory). They were trying to get back land taken from them by white settlers. Jackson prevailed against the Creeks, despite less than perfect conditions for his Tennessee and Kentucky militia.

On March 27, 1814, Jackson and his men killed 800 Creeks and captured 500 women and children in the battle at Tohopeka (also known as Horseshoe Bend), Alabama. This decisive victory made Jackson very popular. The Creeks never threatened the frontier again. On August 9, 1814, the Treaty of Fort Jackson was signed, ending the Creek War of 1814 and requiring the Creeks to surrender 23 million acres of their land. What other land battle did Jackson have with Native Americans?

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