|
羅德島州的山謬斯萊特(Samuel
Slater)
誰是山謬斯萊特？他因什麼而出名？
18世紀晚期至19世紀早期間，羅德島州成為美國境內的製造業先驅，而在羅德島州的經濟一環上，佔有舉足輕重地位的個人之一就是山謬斯萊特。
羅德島州的強項是紡織業。該州與西北其他各州都是美國工業革命的一部分，當時，原本以農業為主的經濟，漸漸轉變成以工業及機械製造業為主。
斯萊特於1790年，在羅德島州的布拉克斯東河旁，創建了他的第一座工廠，這是美國境內最初的幾間工廠之一。三年後，他又在波塔基特創辦了斯萊特工廠，第一間利用水力發電的機器，成功生產棉線的美國工廠。
其他工廠也陸續在羅德島州及新英格蘭地區各地興起。到了19世紀前半期，羅德島州已經有超過100間工廠，僱用了數以千計的男工、女工及童工。工廠老闆喜歡僱用女工及童工，因為他們的薪資比男工低。
Who was Samuel Slater and what is he famous for?
During the late 18th and early 19th centuries, Rhode Island became a pioneer in manufacturing in the United States. One of the individuals who played a big role in Rhode Island's economy was Samuel Slater.
Rhode Island was especially strong in textile manufacturing. The state, along with other parts of the Northeast, was part of the American Industrial Revolution, when the economy, which had been based on agriculture, became one based on machines and industries.
Slater established his first mill in 1790 on the Blackstone River in Rhode Island. It was one of the first factories in the United States. Three years later, in Pawtucket, he built Slater Mill, the first American factory to successfully produce cotton yarn with water-powered machines.
Other mills were established throughout Rhode Island and New England. By the first half of the 19th century, there were more than 100 mills in Rhode Island that employed thousands of men, women, and children. Factory owners liked to hire women and children because they could pay them lower wages than they paid men.
1/1 頁
|
