索喬納‧特魯斯
(SOJOURNER TRUTH)

在俄亥俄婦女權利大會上的講話
Address to the Ohio Women's Rights Convention

那麼,我就不是女人嗎?


索喬納‧特魯斯(1793-1883)出生在紐約州阿爾斯特縣的一個奴隸家庭裏,名叫伊莎貝拉。在1827年紐約廢除奴隸制之前,她被賣給一個名叫範‧瓦傑納的主人。範‧瓦傑納給了她自由。她便移居到紐約市,給人當傭人,並參與了福音派教會活動。

在1843年,她改名作索喬納‧特魯斯,並開始以宗教牧師的身份周遊全國。作為一個引人注目的講演者,她宣揚、歌頌並呼籲人民接受上帝的旨義和人人皆兄弟的博愛。她的觀點是宗教與廢奴主義的混合體。當她發現了女權運動之後,她的觀點還具有了女權主義的色彩。在內戰斯問,她代表聯邦派同盟為黑人軍團募集軍需品。於1864年,她訪問華盛頓特區,在那兒幫助取消市內有軌電車上的種族隔離,並且在白宮受到了亞伯拉罕‧林肯總統的接見。

在1850年,索喬納‧特魯斯參加了在馬薩請塞的伍斯特召開的首屆全國婦女權利大會。她是與會的唯一黑人婦女。第二年,索喬納‧特魯斯參加了在阿克倫舉行的俄亥俄婦女權利大會。許多與會者反對她出席,擔心女權運動會與不受歡迎的廢奴主義混淆起來。當索喬納站起來發言時,會場響起了一陣非難的噓噓聲。但是,當她演講結束時,從觀眾中爆發出雷鳴般的掌聲。


唉,孩子們,凡是這個吵鬧的地方,一定是出了什麼毛病。我想,從南方的黑人到北方的婦女,大家都在談論著權利,白人紳士們很快就要吃苦頭了。可是,這兒的一切 都在談論什麼呢?

在那兒的那位男人說什麼婦女上車要人幫忙,過小溝得人抱著,到哪兒都得為她們讓出最好的位置。可是誰也不曾幫我上車,或幫我過爛泥窪,或為我讓出最好的位置!那麼,我就不是女人嗎?看看我!看看我的胳臂。我拉過犁,種過地,收穫過莊稼,可是沒有一個男人勸阻過我!那麼,我就不是女人嗎?我能像男人一樣幹活,一樣吃喝──如果我能夠弄得到的話──並且像男人一樣遭鞭打!那麼,我就不是女人嗎?我生過十三個孩子,眼睜睜地看著大多數孩子都被賣作奴隸。當我帶著母親的悲哀哭泣時,除了上帝以外,誰也沒聽到我的哭聲!那麼,我就不是女人嗎?

於是,他們大談起腦子裏的那個玩藝兒。他們管它叫什麼來著?[智力,有人輕聲說。]對,就是那玩藝兒。天哪,那跟女人的權利或黑人的權利有什麼關係呢?如果我的杯子只能盛下一品托,而你的杯子能盛下一夸脫,那麼你會小氣到不為我盛滿那僅僅是你的一半大的杯子嗎?

於是,那兒的那位穿黑衣服的小個子男人說,女人不能擁有與男人一樣多的權利,因為基督不是女人!那麼,你的基督從哪兒來的呢?你的基督是從哪兒來的呢?是從上帝和一個女人那兒來的!人跟上帝不是一回事。

如果上帝創造的第一個女人能夠獨自把世界翻了個底朝天,那麼,這些女人一起應當能夠再把世界翻轉回來,使它重新恢復秩序!現在,女人們正疾呼要這麼幹,男人們最好別攔著她們。難為你們聽我講話。現在,老索喬納沒有什麼別的話要說了。


Address to the Ohio Women's Rights Convention

Well, children, where there is so much racket there must be something out of kilter. I think that 'twixt the Negroes of the South and the women at the North, all talking about rights, the white men will be in a fix pretty soon. But what's all this here talking about?

   That man over there says that women need to be helped into carriages, and lifted over ditches, and to have the best place everywhere. Nobody ever helps me into carriages, or over mud-puddles, or gives me any best place! And ain't I a woman? Look at me! Look at my arm. I have ploughed and planted, and gathered into barns, and no man could head me! And ain't I woman? I could work as much and eat as much as a man--when I could get it--and bear the lash as well! And ain't I a woman? I have borne thirteen children, and seen them most all sold off to slavery, and when I cried out with my mother's grief, none but Jesus heard me! And ain't I a woman?

    Then they talk about this thing in the head ; what's this they call it? [Intellect, someone whispers.] That's it, honey. What's that got to do with women's rights or Negro's rights? If my cup won't hold but a pint, and yours holds a quart, wouldn't you be mean not to let me have my little half-measure full?

    Then that little man in black there, he says women can't have as much rights as men, 'cause Christ wasn't a woman! Where did your Christ come from? Where did your Christ come from? From God and a woman! Man had nothing to do with Him.

    If the first woman God ever made was strong enough to turn the world upside down all alone, these women together ought to be able to turn it back, and get it right side up again! And now they is asking to do it, the men better let them.

    Obliged to you for hearing me, and now old Sojourner ain't got nothing more to say.