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布來克頓 (J.
Stuart Blackton) 的照片，1912年
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布來克頓：美國動畫之父
與愛迪生接觸後，布來克頓對如何將他的圖畫製成影片產生興趣。他及亞伯特‧史密斯 (Albert
E. Smith) 成立了第一家電影工作室「維他格瑞公司」 (Vitagraph
Company) ，他們製造了一系列的「把戲電影」 (trick
films) ，並運用停格(stop
motion：在改變拍攝場景時，暫停及重新啟動攝影)、疊化畫面(dissolve：畫面淡出的同時，另一個畫面漸漸淡入)及多重曝光(multiple
exposure：拍攝一個景像，待回轉影片後，再重拍第二次影像)
等技巧來達成他們所謂的「魔術效果」 (magical
effects) (今日我們稱之為特效)。布來克頓的第一部創作品「奇幻的圖畫」 (The
Enchanted Drawing) 結合了圖畫及影片，加上他和史密斯所發展出來的技術，讓紙張上的圖畫整個活了起來！
After meeting Edison, Blackton became interested in putting his drawings on film. He and Albert E. Smith formed one of the first film studios, the Vitagraph Company. They made a series of "trick films," using techniques including stop motion (stopping and starting the camera while making a change in the scene being filmed), dissolves (the first scene slowly fades out at the same time that a second scene slowly fades in), and multiple exposures (filming one image, then rewinding the film and shooting a second image) to achieve what they called "magical effects." (Today we call them special effects.) Blackton's first creation, combining drawings and film, was "The Enchanted Drawing." Using the trick film techniques he and Smith developed, the drawing magically comes alive!
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