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堪薩斯 (Kansas) 於1861年1月29日以自由州的身份加入聯邦
堪薩斯以自由州的身份加入聯邦，因為政府通過的「堪薩斯—內布拉斯加法案」 (Kansan-Nebraska
Act) 讓當地居民自行決定是否允許奴隸制度存在。來自北方與南方的開拓者對奴隸制度都有個堅定的意見，也因此在當地爆發了多次流血事件，形成了「流血的堪薩斯」 (Bleeding
Kansas) 。因為奴隸議題所引發的暴力衝突在1859年堪薩斯州宣佈禁止奴隸制度之前，可說是層出不窮。
Kansas entered the union as a "free state," because of the Kansas-Nebraska Act that allowed the residents to decide themselves if their state would allow slavery. Settlers came from the North and the South with strong opinions about slavery, giving rise to "Bleeding Kansas." Acts of violence erupted due to the conflict before the majority made the territory free from slavery in 1859.
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