拉什莫爾山國家紀念碑
地方性遺產

您能講出雕刻在拉什莫爾山上的總統嗎？

令人驚嘆的拉什莫爾山國家紀念碑雕刻工程始於1927年。它總共費時14年，動用了350多人才完成。山邊的四張總統臉分別為：喬治華盛頓、湯瑪斯傑佛遜、亞伯拉罕林肯及西奧多羅斯福。剛開始，人們建議將西部名人雕刻在這座山上，如：野牛比爾、路易斯和克拉克，及薩卡加維亞。但有一個特殊組織，一「委員會」，卻選擇這些總統，因為他們最能代表美國的「創建、擴張和維持」。

雕刻師博格勒姆(Gutzon Borglum)受邀設計拉什莫爾山。他選擇南達科他州的 黑山，作為這個引人注目的雕刻品的所在地。他決定將大塊石頭自山上移除的最好辦法是使用炸藥。他及他的工人對拉什莫爾山的雕刻作業變得極為熟練，他們小心仔細的計算炸藥放置地點。事實上，這座山高達90%以上都是用炸藥刻成的！剩下的部分則是使用氣動錘完成的。總統的臉是一個接一個，按順序完工的，華盛頓是1930年、傑佛遜是1936、林肯是1937年，而羅斯福是1939。

現在的拉什莫爾山，是美國境內最易辨識的紀念碑之一，每年都有270萬遊客到此造訪。

Can you name the presidents carved on Mount Rushmore?

Carving started on the amazing Mount Rushmore National Memorial in 1927. It continued for 14 years, with the help of more than 350 people. The faces of four presidents are carved into the mountainside: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt. At first, there was a suggestion to carve famous western figures, people like Buffalo Bill, Lewis & Clark, and Sacagawea. But a special group, a "commission," instead chose these presidents because they best represented the "foundation, expansion and preservation" of the United States.

A sculptor named Gutzon Borglum was asked to design Mount Rushmore. He chose the dramatic setting for this sculpture in the Black Hills of South Dakota. He decided that the best way to remove large pieces of rock from the mountain was to use dynamite. He and his workers became skilled at carving Mount Rushmore using carefully placed dynamite. In fact, more than 90 percent of the mountain was carved by dynamite! The rest was finished using air hammers. The faces of the presidents were finished one by one, Washington in 1930, Jefferson in 1936, Lincoln in 1937 and Roosevelt in 1939.

Today, Mount Rushmore is one of the most recognized monuments in the United States, with more than 2.7 million visitors each year.  

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