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薩卡加維亞(Sacagawea)的故事
您知道薩卡加維亞的故事嗎？她就是新款的美金一元金色硬幣上的女士。
薩卡加維亞是肖肖尼族印地安人(Shoshone)。1800年，當她才12歲大時，希達察族(Hidatsa)的印地安戰士突襲她的部落並抓走了許多年青人，包括了她。希達察族是美洲平原印第安民族，與蘇族(Sioux)有血緣關係，他們是傳統的定居民族，意謂他們會在某地興建村莊，而不會四處遷徙。他們住在土製小屋內，與其他的平原印地安部落、英國商人及法國商人進行交易。希達察族的族內男女各司其職，分工相當清楚。男人負責狩獵野牛及其他的小型獵物，也負責參與戰事，而女人除了維持小屋的清潔外，也負責大部分的農事，如：種植穀物、南瓜及豆類。19世紀時，希達察族的戰士時常突襲其他印地安部落的村莊，就像薩卡加維亞被捕的那次襲擊。
薩卡加維亞在希達察人的村落內住了好幾年，但1804年時，她被賣給或輸給了一位法裔加拿大籍的設陷阱捕獸者及商人夏博諾(Toussaint
Charbonneau)。後來薩卡加維亞就成為夏博諾的其中一位妻子，兩人育有一子金巴蒂斯特(Jean
Baptiste)。當探險家梅瑞威德爾路易斯(Meriwether
Lewis)及威廉克拉克(William
Clark)於1805年行經現在的北達科他州時，夏博諾及薩卡加維亞加入他們的遠征隊行列。薩卡加維亞後來成為遠征隊中的馳名嚮導及翻譯，幫助遠征隊隊員完成到達太平洋彼岸的旅程。
Do you know the story of Sacagawea, the woman who is on the new $1 gold-colored coin?
Sacagawea belonged to the Shoshone tribe. In 1800, when she was 12 years old, Hidatsa warriors raided her tribe and captured many young people, including Sacagawea. The Hidatsa, an American Plains Indian tribe related to the Sioux, were traditionally a sedentary people, meaning they established villages rather than travel around from place to place. They lived in earthen lodges and traded with other Plains tribes and English and French traders. Hidatsa men and women each had clearly defined tasks and responsibilities. Men hunted bison and other game and went to war. Along with maintaining the lodges, women did most of the farming and grew corn, squash, and beans. During the 19th century, Hidatsa warriors often went on raiding parties like the one where they captured Sacagawea.
Sacagawea lived with the Hidatsa for a few years, but, by 1804, she had been sold or gambled away to a French-Canadian trapper and trader, Toussaint Charbonneau. Sacagawea became one of Charbonneau's wives and gave birth to their son, Jean Baptiste. When explorers Meriwether Lewis and William Clark passed through what is now North Dakota in 1805, Charbonneau and Sacagawea joined their expedition. Sacagawea went on to become the explorers' celebrated guide and interpreter on their journey to the Pacific Ocean.
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